This chapter provides a basic system overview.
2.1. Armadillo-400 Series Basic Specifications
The basic specifications of the Armadillo-400 Series boards in their default state[] are show in 表2.1「Armadillo-400 Series Basic Specifications」. The block diagram is shown in 図2.1「Armadillo-420/440 Block Diagram」.
表2.1 Armadillo-400 Series Basic Specifications
| | Armadillo-420 | Armadillo-440 |
|---|
|
Processor
|
Freescale i.MX257 (ARM926EJ-S)
Instruction / Data Cache: 16KByte / 16KByte
Internal RAM: 128KByte
|
|
System Clock
|
CPU Core Clock: 400MHz
BUS Clock: 133MHz
|
|
RAM
|
LPDDR SDRAM: 64MByte (16bit width)
|
LPDDR SDRAM: 128MByte (16bit width)
|
|
ROM
|
NOR Flash Memory: 16MByte (16bit width)
|
NOR Flash Memory: 32MByte (16bit width)
|
|
Serial
|
RS232C Levels x1 port
Flow control pins (full modem)
230.4 kbps max
|
|
3.3V I/O levels x2 ports
No flow control pins
4Mbps max
|
|
USB 2.0 Host
|
High Speed x1 port
|
|
Full Speed x1 port
|
|
LAN
|
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX x1 port
|
|
Storage
|
microSD x1
4bit width, 208Mbps max
|
|
GPIO
|
3.3V I/O levels x18 pins
|
|
Programmable LEDs
|
Red x1, Green x1, Yellow x1
|
|
Buttons
|
Tact switch x1
|
2.2. Basic Specifications of Armadillo-420 Basic Model
The Armadillo-420 Basic Model is comprised of the Armadillo-420 board together with the Armadillo-400 RTC Option Module. The basic specifications of the RTC Option Module are shown in 表2.2「Basic Specifications of RTC Option Module」.
表2.2 Basic Specifications of RTC Option Module
| | Armadillo-400 RTC Option Module |
|---|
|
Real-time Clock
|
Backup with supercapacitor
|
The basic layout of the Armadillo-420 Basic Model is shown in 図2.2「Basic Layout of Armadillo-420 Basic Model」. The pin layouts of CON9 and CON14 are shown in 表2.3「Pin Layout of Armadillo-420 Basic Model Expansion Interfaces」. Please make sure to confirm the position of each interface.
表2.3 Pin Layout of Armadillo-420 Basic Model Expansion Interfaces
| Pin Number | Function | Notes |
|---|
| CON9 1 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 2 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 3 | Serial Interface 2 RXD | |
| CON9 4 | Serial Interface 3 RXD | |
| CON9 5 | Serial Interface 2 TXD | |
| CON9 6 | Serial Interface 3 TXD | |
| CON9 7 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 8 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 9 | GND | |
| CON9 10 | GND | |
| CON9 11 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 12 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 13 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 14 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 15 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 16 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 17 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 18 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 19 | GND | |
| CON9 20 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 21 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 22 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 23 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 24 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 25 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 26 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 27 | GPIO | |
| CON9 28 | GPIO | |
| CON14 1 | +3.3V | |
| CON14 2 | GND | |
| CON14 3 | I2C2 SCL | 22 kΩ pull-up / open-drain |
| CON14 4 | I2C2 SDA | 22 kΩ pull-up / open-drain |
![[ティップ]](images/tip.png) | |
|---|
Serial Interfaces 2 and 3 have +3.3V I/O levels. They can be used at RS232C levels by connecting the optional[] RS232C level conversion adapter. When using the RS232C level conversion adapter, please connect pin 1 (the yellow or green wire) to CON9 1 for Serial Interface 2 and to CON9 2 for Serial Interface 3. |
2.3. Basic Specifications of Armadillo-440 LCD Model
The Armadillo-440 LCD Model is comprised of the Armadillo-440 board together with the Armadillo-440 LCD Expansion Board. The basic specifications of the LCD Expansion Board are shown in 表2.4「Basic Specifications of Expansion Board」.
表2.4 Basic Specifications of Expansion Board
| | Armadillo-440 LCD Expansion Board |
|---|
|
Audio
|
Playback (stereo) / Capture (mono)
|
|
LCD
|
Resolution: 480 x 272 pixels
RGB 565 Color
|
|
Touchscreen
|
4-Wire Resistive
|
|
Real-time Clock
|
Backup with supercapacitor
|
|
Buttons
|
Tact switch x3
|
The basic layout of the Armadillo-440 LCD Model is shown in 図2.3「Basic Layout of Armadillo-440 LCD Model」. The pin layouts of CON9 and CON14 are shown in 表2.5「Pin Layout of Armadillo-440 LCD Model Expansion Interfaces」. Please make sure to confirm the position of each interface.
表2.5 Pin Layout of Armadillo-440 LCD Model Expansion Interfaces
| Pin Number | Function | Notes |
|---|
| CON9 1 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 2 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 3 | Serial Interface 2 RXD | |
| CON9 4 | Serial Interface 3 RXD | |
| CON9 5 | Serial Interface 2 TXD | |
| CON9 6 | Serial Interface 3 TXD | |
| CON9 7 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 8 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 9 | GND | |
| CON9 10 | GND | |
| CON9 11 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 12 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 13 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 14 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 15 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 16 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 17 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 18 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 19 | GND | |
| CON9 20 | +3.3V | |
| CON9 21 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 22 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 23 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 24 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 25 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 26 | GPIO | 100 kΩ pull-up |
| CON9 27 | GPIO | |
| CON9 28 | GPIO | |
| CON14 1 | +3.3V | |
| CON14 2 | GND | |
| CON14 3 | I2C2 SCL | 22 kΩ pull-up / open-drain |
| CON14 4 | I2C2 SDA | 22 kΩ pull-up / open-drain |
| |
|---|
Serial Interfaces 2 and 3 have +3.3V I/O levels. They can be used at RS232C levels by connecting the optional[] RS232C level conversion adapter. When using the RS232C level conversion adapter, please connect pin 1 (the yellow or green wire) to CON9 1 for Serial Interface 2 and to CON9 2 for Serial Interface 3. |
![[警告]](images/warning.png) | |
|---|
CON14 3 and CON14 4 were configured to be used as GPIO by default in linux-2.6.26-at7 (linux-a400-1.00.bin.gz). In linux-2.6.26-at8 (linux-a400-1.01.bin.gz) and later, this was changed so that they are configured to be used as I2C2 by default. Please be aware of this change when using CON14 3 and CON14 4. |
The default partitioning of flash memory on the Armadillo-400 Series boards is shown in 表2.6「Armadillo-420 Flash Memory Map」 and 表2.7「Armadillo-440 Flash Memory Map」.
表2.6 Armadillo-420 Flash Memory Map
| Physical Address | Region Name | Size | Description |
|---|
|
0xa0000000
|
0xa001ffff
| bootloader | 128KB |
Bootloader image is stored here
|
|
0xa0020000
|
0xa021ffff
| kernel | 2MB |
Kernel image is stored here
|
|
0xa0220000
|
0xa0fdffff
| userland | 13.75MB |
Userland image is stored here
|
|
0xa0fe0000
|
0xa0ffffff
| config | 128KB |
Configuration data is stored here
|
表2.7 Armadillo-440 Flash Memory Map
| Physical Address | Region Name | Size | Description |
|---|
|
0xa0000000
|
0xa001ffff
| bootloader | 128KB |
Bootloader image is stored here
|
|
0xa0020000
|
0xa021ffff
| kernel | 2MB |
Kernel image is stored here
|
|
0xa0220000
|
0xa1fdffff
| userland | 29.75MB |
Userland image is stored here
|
|
0xa1fe0000
|
0xa1ffffff
| config | 128KB |
Configuration data is stored here
|
The Armadillo-400 Series operates with the software described below.
The bootloader is the first software program to run after the board is turned on. The Hermit-At Bootloader (hereafter referred to as Hermit-At) is used on the Armadillo-400 Series.
Hermit-At has two operating modes: auto-boot mode and maintenance mode. In auto-boot mode, the kernel image is loaded to RAM from a predetermined place and then booted. In maintenance mode is it possible to carry out operations such as updating flash memory and setting boot options. For more information, please refer to 付録A Hermit-At Bootloader.
The bootloader must be stored in the bootloader region of flash memory.
Linux 2.6 is used as the default kernel on the Armadillo-400 Series.
The kernel image is stored in the kernel region of flash memory by default. It is also possible to use a kernel image from storage (microSD) or from a TFTP server by altering Hermit-At's boot options.
The standard userland root filesystem used on the Armadillo-400 Series is an initrd[] image created from a source code based distribution named Atmark-Dist.
In addition to the standard userland, a Debian GNU/Linux based userland option is also available.
By default, the initrd image is stored in the userland region of flash memory and loaded as a RAM disk by Hermit-At. It is possible to use an image from a TFTP server by altering Hermit-At's boot options.
Aside from a RAM disk, it is also possible to use a root filesystem from external storage (microSD / USB) or a NFS server[] by setting the appropriate kernel parameters.
The use of a kernel or userland image not stored in flash memory is explained in 7章Kernel and Userland Placement.
This is an application that runs on the work PC and is used to write to the flash memory on the Armadillo.
For Linux PCs, the Hermit-At downloader and Shoehorn-At are available. The Hermit-At downloader works in cooperation with the target Armadillo to rewrite the on-board flash memory. Shoehorn-At is used to restore the bootloader.
The downloader available for Windows PCs is called Hermit-At Win32. Hermit-At Win32 can be used to both rewrite the on-board flash memory and restore the bootloader on the Armadillo.
JP1 is used to select between on-board flash memory boot mode and UART boot mode on the Armadillo-400 Series.
In on-board flash memory boot mode, the bootloader stored in the bootloader region of flash memory is executed at power on.
With the default bootloader (Hermit-At), JP2 is used to select between auto boot mode, where the kernel is automatically booted, and maintenance mode, where it is possible to carry out various configuration.
However, even when auto boot mode is selected with JP2, the auto boot cancel function in Hermit-At will cause it to enter maintenance mode if SW1 is depressed at boot time.
The UART boot mode is used for system restore when, for example, the flash memory bootloader has been damaged. For more information, please refer to 「Restoring Bootloader to Factory State」.
The jumper settings for each boot mode on the Armadillo-400 Series are shown in 表2.8「Jumper Settings」.
表2.8 Jumper Settings
| JP1 | JP2 | Boot Modes |
|---|
| Open | Open | On-board flash memory boot / auto boot mode |
| Open | Shorted | On-board flash memory boot / maintenance mode |
| Shorted | - | UART boot mode |
